📘 8th Class History Book – English Medium (KPK Textbook)
The 8th Class History Book (English Medium), published by the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Textbook Board, guides students through modern history—focusing on the British rule in the Subcontinent, independence movements, global wars, and Pakistan’s national progress after independence. This book offers valuable insights into the political, economic, and social transformations that shaped South Asia and the modern world.
Perfect for students, teachers, and competitive exam aspirants, this book builds historical awareness and critical thinking among young learners.
📚 Chapter-wise Explanations of Key Topics
1. Arrival of the British in the Subcontinent
This chapter explains:
- How the British East India Company came to India for trade
- Their transition from traders to rulers through battles like Plassey (1757) and Buxar (1764)
- The collapse of the Mughal Empire and the beginning of British colonial rule
- Policies used to establish control: Doctrine of Lapse, alliances, and military might
Students learn how colonization began and its effects on Indian society, economy, and politics.
2. Reform Movements in India
This chapter highlights the social and religious reform movements started in response to colonial policies and internal weaknesses:
- Muslim reformers like Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and his Aligarh Movement
- Hindu reform movements like Brahmo Samaj and Arya Samaj
- Role of these movements in reviving education, identity, and unity among communities
- The cultural awakening and challenges of modernization under British rule
3. World Wars
A comprehensive look at World War I and World War II, including:
- Causes and consequences of both wars
- The role of colonial troops, including Indians and Muslims, in global conflicts
- Political changes and how the world was reshaped by the wars
- Emergence of superpowers, United Nations, and new ideologies
Students understand how global events influenced the subcontinent and the future of its people.
4. Political Awakening in India
Covers the rise of political consciousness among Indians:
- Formation of political parties like the Indian National Congress and All India Muslim League
- Key figures like Allama Iqbal, Quaid-e-Azam, and Gandhi
- Major events: Khilafat Movement, Lucknow Pact, Lahore Resolution (1940)
- The path to independence and the Partition of 1947
This chapter reveals how political leadership and unity led to the creation of Pakistan.
5. Pakistan Since Independence
A review of events after 1947:
- Initial challenges: refugee crisis, lack of resources, and administrative issues
- Constitution-making and military takeovers
- Conflicts with India including the Kashmir issue
- Efforts in nation-building, foreign relations, and economic recovery
This section helps students grasp the historical hurdles and achievements in Pakistan’s early years.
6. Developing Pakistan
Focuses on the country’s long-term goals and progress:
- Industrial, educational, and infrastructure development
- Role of planning commissions and 5-year plans
- Issues of corruption, poverty, and population growth
- Pakistan’s vision for a modern, democratic, and prosperous society
This chapter inspires awareness of Pakistan’s journey towards growth and future challenges.